Hogy tetszett az ESKÜVŐS NYELVVIZSGA FELADAT?

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A mai "FOGAS" kérdés pedig: HOGYAN VÁLASSZUNK FOGORVOST?

Újabb "LYUKAS" SZÖVEGET (gapfilling) hoztam Nektek, melynek harci feladata már jól ismert lesz: Helyezz vissza a cikk végén megadott 7 mondat közül 6-ot a szövegben hagyott GAPekbe (rés/szöveglyuk), tehát egy elem felesleges lesz, azt ki kell hagyni. Rajta!

A FELADATOT A FENTI KÉPRE VAGY IDE KATTINTVA INTERAKTÍVAN IS MEGOLDHATOD ONLINE !!

One problem that practically everyone faces is how to go about finding a "good" dentist. _____1_____ As a consumer, there are several aspects you should consider about your dentist and their office after you have decided on a particular dentist to care for your teeth.

The internet is filled with dentists who all have one thing in common: a license to practise dentistry in your country. However, they all have different personalities, different levels of experience, and different degrees of expertise. Before you begin looking for a dentist, you should ask yourself these questions:

Are you looking for a dentist near your home, or are you willing to travel a reasonable distance to be treated by a particular dentist you trust and like?

Are certain times of the day or week better for you? Some dentists have early or late office hours; some work on Saturdays. How important are these considerations?

Do you have a physical handicap that requires special attention? Some general dentists and certain specialists cater to specific problems. Also, handicapped patients may need to consider the physical layout of the dental office and its location in relation to parking.

What is your problem? Do you need your teeth cleaned and checked? Do you have an emergency? _____2_____

Do you need a general dentist or a specialist? General dentists are trained to do all types of treatment; however, if you have difficult or unusual problems, the general dentist may refer you to a specialist.

The most readily available sources of information about dentists are your friends, acquaintances, work associates, family physician, or pharmacist. Ask them how long they have gone to their dentist, and how they made their selection. You will primarily find out something about these dentists' personalities, but you should realize that you will rarely get much information about their technical abilities.

_____3_____ They can assist you by recommending several dentists in your area who seem to fit your needs. Then you can call these dentists and decide for yourself if you feel comfortable. You may also want to check on the credentials of a particular dentist. For example, you may want to know if the dentist providing orthodontic treatment is a specialist or a general dentist. Your local dental society can also help you find a dentist if you have an emergency situation. Most societies have rotating emergency lists of dentists who have volunteered to take dental emergency calls on a 24-hour basis.

If you are moving, your current dentist is an excellent person to ask for recommendation. Many times, if they do not know anyone, they will have a colleague who can give them a recommendation.

_____4_____ 

Is the dentist or their hygienist prevention oriented, pointing out things you can do yourself in order to maintain good dental health? The dentist and their hygienist should provide oral prophylaxis (tooth cleaning), fluoride treatments, sealants, replacements for missing teeth, and needed restorations (fillings). Home care is up to you.

Do they emphasize continued long-term care? In other words, is there a recall system that automatically notifies you when it's time for you periodic checkup?

Does the dentist use dental X rays, when needed, to assist in diagnosing your problem? On the initial visits to their office, they should request that you have X rays taken of all your teeth so they can determine the overall condition of your mouth. On subsequent visits X rays should be taken as needed. No dentist should restore a tooth without proper X rays. At the time of the X ray, note if the dentist is radiation conscious. They should place a lead apron over you to protect you from any "scatter radiation". He should even have a thyroid collar on the lead-lined apron.

Using the information from the X rays and other diagnostic parameters of evaluation, a dentist can suggest what treatment is needed to restore your mouth to good condition again. _____5_____ Dental problems are much less expensive to treat in their early stages. 

Does the dentist take a complete medical and dental history to be included as part of your permanent record? This gives the dentist insight into your particular needs. It can also help prevent possible complications. For instance, it would alert the dentist to allergies you might have to medicines, or to an illness that might require modification of the usual treatment. Even if you have gone to this particular dentist regularly for a period of time, you should be sure that they are aware of any changes in your medical status, medicines you might be using now, or allergies that might have been detected since your last visit. _____6_____ Let you dentist make this decision. For example, you might recently have found that you are a diabetic. This is significant to your dentist, even though the disease has no apparent direct involvement with your teeth. The reason is that diabetes causes a delay in the healing process. Diabetes also can cause gingivitis (gum inflammation). This may mean you need to make more frequent visits to their office to have your teeth cleaned.

Does the dentist or their staff openly discuss your treatment needs, fees, and payment plans in advance of treatment? This approach allows both parties' expectations to be met, and fosters a lasting relationship.

Is emergency care available? Though many dentists list their telephone numbers, others have answering services. Usually, an answering service takes calls and help you find either your own dentist or someone who has agreed to handle after-hours emergency calls. Some dental societies have a list of volunteer dentists who will meet your emergency needs on a 24-hour basis.

The most important step in finding a dentist, however, is to look before you need one, not after you have no choice but to take whoever is available.

/Better Dental Care by J.F. Taintor/

A) Do not make the decision on your own that any medical information is of no dental significance.

B) Like all things in nature, our teeth and their supportive structures tend to break down in time.

C) Most people make this crucial decision several times during their lives.

D) Another way to find a dentist is to call your local dental society.

E) These factors will determine whether you need to see someone immediately or whether you can wait for a regular scheduled appointment.

F) Several aspects of the dentist’s practice can give you useful information in making your choice.

G) This is a far better and less expensive route for you to take than just "taking care of what hurts".

Hogy tetszett a szövegértés feladat?

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Time Travelling

Jet lag can ruin your long-haul holiday, but our expert advice will leave you less spaced-out

Repültél már egyik időzónából egy másikba? (No, it's not a sci-fi movie casting..) Akkor valószínűleg nem ismeretlen számodra a JET LAG jelenség. A következőkben egy olyan cikket alakítottam át TELC Language Elements feladattá, mely e közismert utazóbetegség élettani hátterét mutatja be és hasznos szakértői tippeket ad arra, hogyan minimalizálhatjuk a JET LAG kellemetlen tüneteit.

A feladat hagyományosan: az alábbi 15 kifejezés közül csak 10 illik a szövegben elhelyezett GAP-ekbe. Melyek ezek és hova kerülnek?

A FELADATOT A FENTI KÉPEKRE VAGY IDE KATTINTVA INTERAKTÍVAN IS MEGOLDHATOD ONLINE !!

Toddlers who refuse to sleep, adults cranky and hungry at the wrong time and a body clock that has gone haywire. Sound familiar? Yes, that's a long-haul holiday for many people. Jet lag is a physical inevitability for most of us when flying long distances, but there are ways to minimise its __________(1). It's all down to eating, sleeping and moving - we are loath to say exercise, because it isn't - so read on.

Your body has a natural clock set by the hours of sunlight you are exposed to daily. The light travels deep into your eyes and reaches the pineal gland, which in turn sends messages to __________(2) in your body that tell you when to wake up, when to feel tired, when to eat and even when to go to the toilet.

The trouble when you fly is that you are trying to reset this internal body clock quickly and it won't play game. It wants to, but it takes time - an estimated one day per one hour of time difference. In practice, that means it could take the entire two weeks of your holiday to __________(3) a 14-hour time difference, or a week to get over a typical flight to the US East Coast, say.

And guess what? Then you have to travel home and go through it all again.

We all know the symptoms of __________(4) - fuzzy head, tired during the day, wide awake at night, hungry but never at mealtimes and the sudden desire to go to the toilet at weird times. However, there are some simple things you can do to help reset your your body clock as quickly as possible to minimise these symptoms.

Lisa Artis of the Sleep Council stresses that diet, moving and getting out in the sunlight and fresh air are key.

✈THE DAY BEFORE

"Diet plays a large part in setting your body clock. The day before you fly, make sure you eat three balanced __________(5), including at least five servings of fruit or green vegetables and one portion of protein-rich food, such as white fish or tofu."

✈ON THE PLANE

"Drink plenty of water on your journey and while on holiday to keep your body hydrated and feeling refreshed. Once on the plane, set your watch to the local time of your __________(6). Pack an eye mask and ear plugs and use them if it's nighttime where you're going. Equally keep the light on and mask off if it's daytime in your destination. Whether on your journey there or on your way home, eat according to the mealtimes of the place you're going, avoid alcohol and take regular walks up and down the __________(7)."

Érdekelnek az angolos videók?

 IRATKOZZ FEL az ANGOL VLOGnyelvoktató csatornámra!

✈WHEN YOU LAND

"Try to get out and about as soon as you can if you land in daylight. Enjoy the sunlight and let it help reset you pineal gland. Also, try to eat at the time of your destination's mealtimes, even if it's only a snack to help reset your digestive tract. Stay active and avoid __________(8) until bedtime - get out and walk in the fresh air. If you arrive and it's nighttime, have a carbohydrate-rich meal, pop two magnesium citrate tablets to help your body rest - magnesium is a natural muscle relaxant - and try to sleep. Don't stress if you can't - simply lie quietly in the dark and gather your thoughts; try to relax and enjoy the quiet."

✈ON HOLIDAY

"During your break away, __________(9) a healthy diet to help control your wakefulness: high protein meals increase your alertness while lots of carbohydrates make you feel sleepier. If you can, take your pillow with you for some familiarity and comfort. For less exotic destinations, the problems are more likely to be about comfort than jet lag. An eye mask and ear plugs will help you sleep if noise or light outside is an __________(10). Keep your bed as a sleep zone and check the temperature. Ensure you keep the bedroom cool -the ideal sleeping environment is 16-18 °C."

/Adapted from the British Press/

A TRÓNOK HARCA hetedik évadjának utolsó epizódja nézettségi REKORDOT ÁLLÍTOTT FEL! Ez szinte nem is lep meg senkit! Viszont: a médiahír bővebb angol változatával Te ezt a saját javadra is fordíthatod ☻ Gyakorolj szórakozva: a minihírből kimaradt alábbi 8 db prepozíciót helyezd vissza a szövegbe: 

across, for, in, of, on, toward, until, with

Remember: WINTER IS HERE!!!

The Game of Thrones Season 7 finale set an HBO ratings record _____(1) 16.5 million viewers, including those who watched  _____(2) cable as well as HBO Go and the stand-alone HBO Now app. The fantasy drama has been HBO's most popular show _____(3) years, but its audience is still growing as it heads _____(4) its final season. Last year's finale had 8.9 million viewers, and this season's premiere _____(5) July had 10.1 million. With delayed viewing, the numbers are far higher. HBO said each episode this season had more than 30 million viewers _____(6) platforms. There is plenty _____(7) time for anticipation to build for the six-episode final season, which might not premiere _____(8) 2019.

Hogy tetszett a TRÓNOK HARCA FELADAT?

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 SHOCKING SPLIT

After 12 years and six kids together, Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt reveal the unraveling of their marriage just months after their two-year anniversary

Na, szép, mondhatom! Eddig bírták Angelinaék..Na de miért? Ha tudni szeretnéd a szaftos részleteket egy nyelvvizsga feladatba rejtve  tutira meglelheted! Újabb lyukas szöveg típusú szövegértés feladatot hoztam Nektek, amely egy eredeti amerikai sajtócikk feldolgozása. A feladat pedig a nyelvvizsga által megszabott lesz: Helyezz vissza a megadott 6 elem közül 5 db-ot a szövegben hagyott GAP-ekbe (rés/szöveglyuk), tehát egy elem felesleges lesz, azt ki kell hagyni. Rajta!

Segítő szószedetet a cikk végén találsz! Kellemes angolozást!

(Article adapted from the American Press)

Hogy tetszett a cikk, azaz a nyelvvizsga feladat?

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BREAKING NEWS:

Biztosan mindannyian hallottátok már, hogy az ORIGÓ NYELVVIZSGARENDSZER MEGVÁLTOZIK idén novembertől. Szinte minden készséget a régihez képest duplán fognak mérni, azaz az írásbeli és szóbeli szövegértésből is (azaz Reading Comprehension-ből és a Listeningből is) 2-2 feladatot fogtok kapni, Writing-ból, azaz szövegformálásos feladatból is kettő lesz (választható levél + valamilyen jellegű véleménynyilvánítás) és újra két irányba is kell majd fordítani (Közvetítés angolról magyarra - középfokon, illetve magyarról angolra is - felsőfokon). A Speaking rész ellenben ugyanaz maradt: interjú, témakifejtés kép alapján és szituációs szerepjáték/párbeszéd.

Úgyhogy lássunk is hozzá a felkészüléshez! Mára hoztam nektek egy "LYUKAS" SZÖVEGET (Gapfilling), amely egyébként a NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC publikációi között jelent meg és az intőrákok párválasztásáról szól. A feladat pedig a nyelvvizsga által megszabott lesz: Helyezz vissza a megadott 5 elem közül 4-et a szövegben hagyott GAPekbe (rés/szöveglyuk), tehát egy elem felesleges lesz, azt ki kell hagyni. Rajta!

Why (Claw) Size Matters

All around her, guys wave seductively, beckoning her to their beach homes. [1] By the quality of his lodging, the allure of his wave - and, especially the size of his claw.

The female fiddler crab has two small, symmetrical claws; the male has one small and one oversize. "The large claw is all about the initial attraction," says marine biologist Zachary Darnell of Louisiana's Nicholls State University. [2] "Maybe a crab with a large claw relative to his body size , and a bit higher wave than others" - because if he can tote and swing a claw that's up to half his body weight, he's probably a physically fit sire.

After the pair has sex in the beach burrow, the female stays there while her eggs develop; the male goes back to waving and often brings home other females. [3] It's a thermoregulator, as air passing over it seems to dissipate heat and lower body temperature.

A big claw is also the male crab's best weapon: [4] After a few weeks, the pregnant females will emerge from that love lair and head for the waterline, where they'll release their larvae.

(Adapted from National Geographic - author: Patricia Edmonds)

Place the following items back into the text. There is an extra item you will not need.

A- After checking out several males and the love-nest burrows they've dug, a female "will find a male whose claw she really likes," he says.

B- He uses it to fight rivals and keep intruders away from his burrow.

C- When it comes to claws, right-handed attracts the females.

D- How will a female fiddler crab pick a mate?

E- On the hot sand, his claw is more than just a chick magnet, Darell's research has found.

KÍVÁNCSI VAGY A MEGOLDÁSRA? Kattints IDE!

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Extra: ünnepi királyi fotózkodós szókincstár képleírásos kifejezésekkel!

A Jordán vizével keresztelték meg július 5-én Charlotte Elisabeth Diana brit hercegnőt, William és Kate kisebbik gyermekét, a kis George húgát, Norfolkban. A világhírű fotós, Testino lőtt néhány fantasztikus képet róluk. Miközben megcsodálod őket, meg is oldhatod ezt a kapcsolódó brit cikkre épülő szövegkitöltős feladatot. Mindenhol egyszerűbb szavak hiányoznak: prepozíciók, névmások, névelők, segédigék stb. A szövegértést segítő szószedetet a cikk végén zölddel, míg a fotózkodós szókincset lilával szedve találod majd. Enjoy! (A feladat megoldásait 3 nap múlva posztolom ugyanide ☻ )

Captured by Testino after Princess Charlotte's christening William and Kate radiate happiness as they pose with their beautiful children at Sharingham.

"What impressed me the most was the energy of the family and of that between the Duke and Duchess. One sees how solid they are together and one gets a sense of their strong family values." (Testino)

This is the special moment _____(1) the world's most famous photographer captured the world's most famous family as they celebrated the "wonderful" day of _____(2) daughter's christening.

Standing in the garden of Sharingham House, dappled in sunlight and smiling broadly _____(3) the camera, the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge share an intimate family portrait taken _____(4) Mario Testino of the couple with their two children, Prince George and Princess Charlotte.

As little George plays with _____(5) lock of his dark blond hair, his baby sister, dressed _____(6) the royal christening gown, looks alert and on the verge _____(7) a smile. The fact _____(8) the children are calm is a testament to the winning ways of the photographer, _____(9) managed to get the best out of them despite a few tears earlier in the day.

The picture was _____(10) of four beautiful official portraits taken by Mario immediately _____(11) Charlotte's christening service _____(12) the nearby St Mary Magdalene Church. As well _____(13) a formal portrait of the royal family _____(14) the Duchess's family, the Middletons, Mario also took individual pictures of the proud parents, including a lovely snapshot of Kate cradling her daughter and another of William and George.

Releasing the photos _____(15) Twitter, Kensington Palace said: "The Duke and Duchess of Cambrige and their whole family had a wonderful day...They are very happy _____(16) share these photograps and hope that everyone enjoys them as much as they _____(17)."

AMAZING EXPERIENCE

Mario Testino, who had arrived at the Norfolk estate _____(18) helicopter, said later: "Photographing Princess Charlotte's christening was _____(19) amazing experience. What impressed me the _____(20) was the energy of the family and of that _____(21) the Duke and Duchess. One sees how solid they are together and one gets a sense of their strong family values."

"It was incredible to be able to document four generations of the British royal family _____(22) - the monarch and three heirs to the thone - and very heart warming to see the close relationship between _____(23) all.

Much has been made of the positioning of family members in the formal group portrait, taken in the drawing room at Sharingham after the 45-minute church service, _____(24) was attended by just 21 guests. The photo shows Kate _____(25) the centre, seated on a sofa with nine-week-old Charlotte on her lap, with William and George on one side and the Queen on the _____(26). Behind them are _____(27) Middletons - Michael, Pippa, James and Carole _____(28) the left, and the royals - the Prince of Wales, the Duchess of Cornwall and the Duke of Edinburgh - on the right. The two families have swapped sides from the official picture of George's christening, and grandmother Carole, it was noted, has moved to central position. In the background hang portraits of two other Princesses - the daughters of Edward VII and Queen Alexandra, Princess Victoria and Maud.

Perhaps the most spontaneous of the four portraits is the _____(29) and white shot of William and George who is caught giving a big, toothy grin - his first for an official picture.

Gorgeous George, who turns two this month, had displayed typical toddler behaviour for his sister's big day, waving to crowds, throwing stones, treading on his father's feet, peering _____(30) her pram and, at one point, having a little cry. But by the time he was back at "Nanny's house" - as William could be heard describing the Queen's Sandringham residence to his son - and scooped up in his father's arms for their picture, the tears had dried and he gave his most winning smile.

(Adapted from the British Press, photos by Mario Testino)

FOTÓZKODÓS SZÓKINCS:

captured by= megörökítve, megörökítette:XY

to capture= lekap, megörökít

to pose= pózol

portrait= portré

to take pictures of= képeket készít valamiről/vkiről

snapshot= pillanatfelvétel

to release= nyilvánosságra hoz

to share= megoszt

positioning= elhelyezés

group portrait= csoportkép

in the centre= középen

seated on a sofa= kanapén ülve

on sy's lap= az ölében

on one side= egyik oldalon

on the other side= a másik oldalon

behind them= mögöttük

on the left= a bal oldalon

on the right= a jobb oldalon

have swapped sides= helyet cseréltek

to move to central position= középre, központi helyre kerül

in the background= a háttérben

to hang= lóg (kép a falon)

spontaneous= spontán

black and white= fekete-fehér

shot= felvétel, kép

be caught= lekapták, lefotózták

toothy grin= százfogas vigyor

SZÖVEGÉRTÉST SEGÍTŐ SZÓSZEDET:

christening= keresztelő

to radiate= sugárzik

dappled= tarkítva

broadly= szélesen

Duke and Duchess= a Herceg és a Hercegnő

lock= hajfürt

gown= itt:csipkepólya, alkalmi palást/köntös

alert= élénk

on the verge of= valaminek a határán van, majdnem

testament= bizonyítéka vminek

the winning ways of= a megnyerő stílusa

despite= vmi ellenére

christening service= keresztelő szertartás/Istentisztelet

cradling= ringatván

to impress sy= lenyűgöz vkit

solid= szilárd

one gets a sense of= az embernek olyan érzete támad, hogy

values= értékek, értékrend

heirs to the throne= trónörökösök

heart warming= szívmelengető

drawing room= szalon, társalgó

was attended by= részt vettek rajta, jelen voltak

gorgeous= elbűvölő

turns two= két éves lesz

toddler behaviour= totyogó baba viselkedés

to wave to= integet vkinek

to tread on= rátapos

to peer into= bekukucskál

pram= babakocsi

to scoop up= felkap, felvesz (gyereket a karjába)

KEY:

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Angolozz a TRÓNOK HARCA-val!

Pénzsóvár? Északi? Vérfertőző? Mindenkinek jut egy nemesi ház a Trónok Harcában! Derítsd ki hová tartozol Westerosban ezzel az egyszerű kvízzel!!

YES-NO kérdések 2 nyelven! Nagyon figyeld a számukat!

Segítő szószedet a cikk végén! Hajrá :)

Avaricious? Northern? Incestuous? There's a Game of Thrones noble house for everyone! Find out where in Westeros you fit with this simple QUIZ!

GLOSSARY

avaricious= pénzsóvár, kapzsi, szűkmarkú

incestuous= vérfertőző

noble= nemes

fit= beleillik

sigil= pecsét

geddit?= vetted?

a bunch of grapes= egy szőlőfürt

dull= tökkelütött

debt= adósság

a handful of= egy marék

namely= név szerint

incest= vérfertőzés

inbreeding= beltenyészet

mad= őrült

dragon= sárkány

caliente= hot= szexi

decent= rendes

cove= pasi

bastard= fattyú

staunch= rendíthetetlen

to flay= megnyúz

to rule= uralkodik

spoilt= elkényeztetett

suckling= csecsszopó

lounge= társalgó

to have/get sg sorted= kijavít/helyrehoz/megold

puppet-headed= bábfejű

infatuation= belehabarodás

aka=also known as= másnéven

git= marha/barom

stiff= kemény

to muck about= lófrál

ironborn= vasszülött

notable= nevezetes

no pun intended= nem szójáték

torture= kínzás

male= hím

to cross one's legs= keresztbe teszi a lábát

wandering minstrel= vándordalnok

bantz= duma

arch-schemer= fő cselszövő

stained glass= festett üveg

glass ceiling= nők érvényesülését/ambícióit limitáló láthatatlan de jelenlevő "üvegplafon"

heir= örökös

irrespective of gender= tekintet nélkül a nemre

Hogy tetszett a Game of Thrones ANGOL Quiz  & szókincstár?

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Szörnyű természeti katasztrófa sújtja Nepált - biztosan Te is hallottad. A New York Times egy cikkét dolgoztam fel, hogy angolul követhesd az egész világot megrázó eseményt. Miközben olvasol, átismételheted a 20+1 leggyakoribb angol prepozíciót (elöljárószót), amelyeket a megfelelő helyre kell illeszteni a szövegben. Vizsgafeladatok között gyakran találni hasonló esetet feldolgozó listeninget, readinget vagy képleírást, ezért az olvasmány végén található természeti katasztrófa szókincsnek is hasznát veheted. Megoldás a cikk végén!

Íme, a felhasználandó prepozíciók. Illeszd be őket a megfelelő helyre (20+1 db)!

*szenvedő szerkezetben BY után következik a cselekvő/alany

**birtokos szerkezetben a birtokot OF köti a birtokoshoz

 NEPAL REELS AS TREMORS SYMIE RESCUE

Death toll exceeds 5,500 while thousands are forced to sleep outdoors

A growing sense of despair spread through Katmandu _________ (1)Sunday as the devastated Nepali capital was convulsed by aftershocks that sent residents screaming into the streets, where they were pelted by heavy rain.

A day _________(2) an earthquake killed more than 6,600 people and injured __________(3) 5,900 residents grew frantic and the government, entirely overwhelmed by the enormousness of the challenge facing the country, struggled to provide relief, or much hope.

Streets in parts of this city of about 1.2 million were impassable not so much from quake damage but because tents of thousands of people have taken up residence there. It was a strategy endorsed by the government.

The country's prime minister, Sushil Koirala, who was attending a conference _____________(4) Indonesia when the quake struck, had rushed back __________(5) Katmandu and was to speak to his desperate countrymen in a televised address on Sunday. But the speech was delayed, as some relief efforts have been, by strong tremors that continue to rock the country.

The already difficult situation in much of the capital, where safe shelters are scarce, was made worse Sunday when rains began to pour down on huddled masses.

It is increasingly evident that authorities here were ill equipped to rescue those trapped and would have trouble maintaining adequate supplies __________(6) water, electricity and food.

"In my neighbourhood, the police are conspicious by their absence," said Sridhar Khatri of the South Asia Center for Policy studies in Katmandu. "There is not even a show of force to deter vandalism, which some reports say is on the rise."

On Sunday, the government began setting ____________(7) 16 relief stations across Katmandu and the rest of the country while rescue operations continued. The relief stations are expected  to ease distribution of water, food and medicine, said Laxmi Prasad Dhakal, a spokesman at the Ministry of Home Affairs.

Electricity has been intermittent at best in Katmandu, and absent entirely in other parts of Nepal, but that is not wholly unusual in a country where nighttime blackouts are routine.

Many hotels, commercial buildings and wealthy homes in the capital have their own generators. But nearly all of the country's gas and diesel supplies are brought in from India, and with traffic reduced to a crawl _________(8) major highways, those supplies could dwindle quickly. Some gas stations in Katmandu have already run dry; others are rationing their remaining supplies.

Thousands of Katmandu's residents squatted on streets throughout the city either because their homes were destroyed or continued aftershocks, including one of magnitude 6.7, left them too afraid to go back inside. Other residents were camping out in schools, school playgrounds and government offices.

The goverment announced that schools would remain closed ____________(9) at least five days and it pleaded with government workers to help in local rescue efforts in place of their usual jobs.

Stephen Groves, who lives in Katmandu, said he was inspecting a building for cracks when the biggest of many aftershocks hit, leading to terrified screams from those nearby.

"The whole time I was thinking if the building next to me was going to come ___________(10) on top of me," Mr Groves said in an email. "People here are in panic, and every aftershock contributes to that. They are not going indoors, they are staying in the roads and in open areas. Many are searching for family members.

Mr. Groves said he went to a hospital in the capital on Saturday, where hordes of people were lying on the ground outside the building, many __________(11) intravenous drips hooked up to their arms and shocked looks on their faces.

The city was awash with rumors that the worst aftershocks were yet to come and with fears of greater destruction in the countryside, large swaths of which remained unreachable by phone.

Subhash Ghimire, the editor in chief of Nepalese newspaper Republica, said he managed to reach his father in his village, home to about 3,000 people near the epicenter in the Gorkha district. "He said not a single house is left in our village, including our own house," Mr. Ghimire said.

On Mount Everest, helicopter rescue operation began Sunday morning to bring wounded climbers ___________(12) the mountain, where at least 18 climbers were killed and another 41 injured, making the earthquake the deadliest event in the mountain's history. Three Americans were ____________(13) those killed, according to the State Department.

Aftershocks and small avalanches throughout the day Sunday continued to plague the nearly 800 people staying at the mountain base camp and at higher elevation camps.

After posting on Twitter that he was "fairly safe but stuck" _________(14) the base camp, a climber, Jim Davidson, then provided a more alarming update from Camp 1, which is above the base camp. "Just had our biggest aftershock yet here at C1 on Everest. Smaller than original quake but glacier shook & avalanches," he wrote.

Nick Talbot, 39, was attempting to be the first person with cystic fibrosis to climb Mount Everest when a 100- to 200-yard wall of ice and snow came barreling toward him.

"I ran __________(15)" he said in an interview. "I thought, there's no chance I can get away. I just had my socks on. It knocked me ____________(16) the rocks. I got up and it knocked me over again." he said. He was evacuated ___________(17) helicopter Sunday afternoon. He returned ____________(18) anything but the clothes he was wearing. All of his belongings were buried by the avalanche.

"I'm sure there will have been many fatalities just because the scale of it," he said.

Tulasi Prasad Gautam, director general of Nepal's Tourism Department, said he feared that continued aftershocks had trapped more climbers. In addition to the dead and injured, nearly 25 climbers who had been en route Saturday to Camp 2 from Camp 1 are missing.

"Actually, the tents are still there for some 20 to 25 climbers who were heading __________(19) Camp 2 in the course of climbing practice, but they are not in contact", Mr Gautam said.

In a blog post Sunday, Eric Simonson of International Mountain Guides said the news from the Everest base camp "was quite bleak", and tha the company's encampment "has been turned into a triage center, and our big dining tents are now being used _________(20) hospital tents."

"The tons and tons of falling ice going this vertical distance created a huge aerosol avalanche and accompanying air blast," he wrote. "It is worth noting that over many expeditions we have never seen an avalanche from this area that was even remotely of this scale."

Susan Parker-Burns, a spokeswoman from the United States Embassy in Nepal, said in an email Sunday that a rescue and relief team from the United States Agency for International Development was dispatched by military transport to Nepal, and they would arrive on Monday.

Also Sunday, the Israeli military said that it was preparing to send Boeing 747s carrying 260 aid workers and more than 90 tons of cargo to Katmandu. About 600 Israelis are believed to be in Nepal, a popular destination for young backpackers after their compulsory military service. Magen David Adom, Israel's national emergency medical response organization, had already sent an advance team of 10 paramedics and two doctors to Nepal.

Nepal will most likely require significant help. The country's existing political discord is likely to hamper rescue and rebuilding efforts. The government has been barely functional for more than a decade, with politicians of just about every stripe fighting over the scraps of the increasingly desperate economy. A 10-year civil war _________ (21) Maoist parties and the government ended in 2006, but the resulting Constituent Assembly spent four years trying to write a constitution without success. Paralysis ensued until elections in November 2013 led to the unexpected rout of the previously dominant Maoists.

Nepal's people had already become exhausted with the political paralysis, but those feelings could turn explosive if relief and rescue efforts fail in the coming weeks, analysts said. The fear of just such an outcome could spur an intense international relief effort, as an odd collection of countries - including China, India and the United States - were already cooperating on pushing Nepal's polititians toward compromise.

(Adapted from The New York Times)

TERMÉSZETI KATASZTRÓFA SZÓKINCS

to reel= megremeg, támolyog

tremor= remegés, rengés

rescue= mentés

death toll= halálesetek száma(data)

despair= kétségbeesés

devastated= elpusztított, feldúlt, tönkretett

aftershocks= utórengések, utórezgések

to scream= sikít

to pelt= ver(eső)

earthquake= földrengés

to injure= megsebesít

to grow frantic= kétségbeejtővé válik

to struggle= küzd, erőfeszítéseket tesz

relief= segítség, segély, enyhítés, megkönnyebbülés

impassable= járhatatlan

damage= kár

to strike= lecsap, lesújt

desperate= kétségbeesett

to rock= megráz

shelter= menedék

to pour= zuhog, ömlik, szakad (eső)

huddled= összeverődött, összezavarodott, összecsődült

masses= tömegek

ill equipped= nincs felszerelkezve

trapped= csapdába esett

trouble= probléma, gond

supply= ellátás

vandalism= garázdálkodás, vandalizmus

relief station= mentőállomás, segélyállomás

rescue operations= mentőakciók

to ease= megkönnyít

distribution= (szét)osztás

medicine= gyógyszer

to be absent= nincs, hiányzik

blackout= áramszünet

crawl= vánszorgás

to run dry= kiszárad, kiürül

to squat= lakást foglal (jogtalanul)

crack= repedés

terrified= hálára rémült

to be in panic= pánikban van

intravenous drips= intravénás infúzió

shocked looks= sokkos kifejezés/ábrázat

destruction= pusztítás

wounded= (meg)sebesült

injured= sérült

the deadliest= a legtöbb halálos áldozatot követelő

avalanches= lavinák

to plague= (csapással) sújt

safe= biztonságban

stuck= megrekedt

alarming= vészjósló, fenyegető, aggasztó

glacier= gleccser

cystic fibrosis= cisztás fibrózis

to barrel= egyenesen felé zúdul

to get away= elmenekül

to knock= taszít, lök, bevág

rocks= sziklák

to be evacuated= evakuálják

to bury= betemet

fatalities= halálesetek

the dead= a halottak

tents= sátrak

bleak= kietlen, kopár

air blast= szélroham, széllökés

of this scale= ilyen méretű

aid worker= segélyszervezeti ellátó személyzet

emergency= sürgősségi

paramedics= rohammentősök

to turn explosive= fellobban, felrobban

to fail= kudarcot vall, sikertelennek bizonyul

effort= erőfeszítés, igyekezet, fáradozás